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Army–McCarthy hearings, 1954
At last, on April 27, Welch saw an opening. That morning, Ray Jenkins introduced as evidence a photo taken in late November 1953, shortly after David Schine had begun basic training at Fort Dix. McCarthy, Roy Cohn, and Frank Carr had met Secretary Stevens in New York to discuss the ongoing Fort Monmouth investigation. Afterward, Cohn had said he'd like to visit David Schine at nearby Fort Dix, and Stevens quickly arranged the trip. When they arrived, a photograph was taken of the group with Colonel David Bradley, a key office at the base. In the picture, Schine stood between Stevens and Bradley.
Roy Cohn remembered the photo when he was gathering evidence for the hearing. He thought it would indicate that Stevens and Schine had been on good terms, since both men were smiling. Ray Jenkins agreed and asked a subcommittee staff member to obtain a copy of the "picture of Stevens with Schine." The man promptly did so, but then he had the picture altered so that it showed only Stevens and Schine. He said later he thought that was what Jenkins wanted.
During the hearing on April 27, Ray Jenkins displayed the picture to everyone present, unaware that it had been changed. Jenkins went on to allege that Secretary Stevens had specifically asked to have his picture taken alone with Schine. This, Jenkins said, proved there were no ill feelings between Stevens and Schine at the very time the Army claimed Roy Cohn had begun harassing the Army secretary.
It so happened that Joseph Welch, in preparing for the hearings, had seen the original photograph and remembered it. Now he charged that Ray Jenkins had presented as evidence "a doctored or altered photograph ... as if it were honest." He went on to content that, in the original, "Stevens was photographed in a group" and that he was smiling at Col. Bradley, not at Schine.
Welch's revelation created a tremendous stir in the hearing room and in the media. The subcommittee spent long hours trying to find out who had done the doctoring and for what purpose - or purposes. Reporters and columnists remembered how Joe had used an altered photograph to help defeat Senator Millard Tydings, and they speculated that he was behind this attempt to sway public opinion in favor of David Schine.
As for Welch, he had achieved his goal of swinging the spotlight away from Secretary Stevens's inept testimony. He had also beaten McCarthy at his own game. Joe long ago had learned that unproved charges (and doctored photos) had a far greater effect on public opinion than lengthy recitals of the facts later on. Now, before the facts were in, Welch had used the altered photo of Stevens and Schine to cast doubt on the subcommittee's case.
McCarthy protested that he had nothing to do with the doctoring. In this instance he was probably telling the truth, but the American people had already formed their opinion, and most of them did not believe him. Joe wasn't about to give in, however. His frustration and anger rose to the surface when Welch had James Juliana, an aide to Roy Cohn, on the witness stand. Welch was questioning Juliana about the photo, which, before it was altered, had hung on the wall of David Schine's New York office." You did know what hung on Schine's wall when that was handed to you, sir."
"I did not know what hung on Schine's wall," Juliana said.
Welch held up the picture, which had been introduced as evidence. "Did you think this game from a pixie? Where did you think this picture that I hold in my hand came from?"
Joe interrupted the proceedings to say, "Will counsel for my benefit define - I think he might be an expert on that - what a pixie is?"
McCarthy probably thought his question would fluster Welch and shift the gathering's focus away from the photo, but it had the opposite effect. Welch quickly replied, "Yes. I should say, Mr. Senator, that a pixie is close relative to a fairy."
Laughter broke out in the hearing room. Everyone present knew that James Juliana worked for Roy Cohn. They also knew that "fairy" was a slang word for homosexual. They inferred that the Army's counsel was calling Cohn a fairy - and they laughed.
"Shall I proceed, sir?" Welch asked Joe. "Have I enlightened you?"
There was no way McCarthy could top Welch, so he merely repeated himself. "As I said, I think you may be an authority on what a pixie is."